The rediscovery of the Shang began with the discovery of turtle shells. These turtle shells are inscribed with ancient Chinese characters. Their inscriptions are about events of national significance. They are also inscribed with natural disasters and insignificant happenings. Legend has it that Wang Yirong’s family bought the turtle shells to make medicine. Wang Yirong was an archaeologist who was the first to build up a collection of oracle bones. Oracle bones were found in Xiaotun. Shang fortune tellers used the oracles bones to foretell predictions about the future. The bones were cleaned and thinned when it was used to predict the future. They applied a hot object until the surface cracked. The cracked shells were then presented to the king. The interpretation of the King, of the cracks, was engraved onto the shell. Oracles bones are the first written texts recorded. There were references to historical personalities to prove their existence which dispelled some misconceptions of Shang.

Labels: ORACLES BONES --MARKED--

Words count: 160

Labels: ENGLISH SUMMARY PACKAGE: ORACLES BONES

WHAT (oracles bones)?

1. turtle plastrons or cattle scapulas
2. the ventral shells
3. Inscribed with strange characters that resembled written Chinese.

DISCOVERED?
1. Wang Yirong’s family bought turtle plastrons
2. Legend

USED?
1. Used the bones to verify whether or not the event would occur
2. carefully cleaned and treated (both materials provide a flat surface for writing)
3. And thinned by drilling notches into the back.
4. The diviners then applied a hot object until the surface cracked
5. The interpretation of the cracks, a task handled by the king himself,
6. was often carved into the object,
7. Along with the original divination statement.

SIGNIFICANCE?

1. The bones speak of war and harvest, disease and childbirth
2. They are heavy with descriptions of sacrifices, both human and animal.
3. Natural forces are feared and respected.
4. Objects like the oracle bones symbolized China’s survival.

MARKNG SCHEME
What are oracle bones:
1. Turtle shells or large cattle bones
2. Inscribed with ancient Chinese characters
3. Inscriptions are about events of national significance
4. Natural disasters
5. As well as insignificant happenings

How they were discovered:
6. Legend
7. Wang Yirong’s family bought the turtle shells
8. to make medicine
9. Wang Yirong, an archaeologist, was the first to build up a collection of oracle bones
10. Fact: oracle bones were found in Xiaotun

How they were used:
11. Shang fortune tellers foretold predictions about the future
12. Then used the oracle bones to check whether the event would occur
13. The bones were cleaned and thinned
14. Applied a hot object until the surface cracked
15. The cracked shell or bones were presented to the king
16. King’s interpretation of the cracks was engraved onto the shell together with the original prediction

Their significance:
17. First written texts
18. Recorded account of Shang
19. Reference to historical personalities to prove their existence
20. Dispelled some misconceptions of Shang

Labels: ENGLISH PACKAGE TWO SUMMARY: ORACLES BONES (Points only)

Reality television, dominating the tube right now, is about the real antics of the real people in real environments. It is an irony as reality shows are unreal. They are unscripted drama like sport. Reality televisions are low cost in production and it is profitable .They are popular with viewers who are voyeurs. They are able to erase the boundaries between the public and private while remaining unpredictable. It is a great and new way of telling a story. The ideas can grab the audience in some fundamental place which they can identify with easily. Reality television will always have a place on television but their prospects in the future are dim. They ruin the reputation of network by humiliating people. The producers will soon run out of ideas. Competition among the reality television, from other forms of programming, is high as different show appeals to different type of audiences.


140 words

Labels: --MARKED--

Reality television, dominating the tube right now, is about the real antics of the real people in real environments. It is an irony as reality shows are unreal. They are unscripted drama like sport. Reality televisions have low cost on the production and it is profitable .They are popular with viewers who are voyeurs. They are able to erase the boundaries between the public and private while remaining unpredictable. It is a great and new way of telling a story. The ideas can grab the audience in some fundamental place which they can identify with easily. Reality television will always have a place on television but their prospects in the future are dim. They ruin reputation of network by using network to humiliated people. The producers will soon run out of ideas. Competition among the reality television, from other forms of programming, is high as different show appeals to different type of audiences.


143 words

Labels: EDITED -- REALITY TELEVISION -- FINAL DRAFT

Begin your summary as follows:

Reality television, dominating the tube right now, is about the….

Reality television, dominating the tube right now, is about the real antics of the real people in real environments. It is an irony as reality shows are unreal. They are unscripted drama like sport. Reality televisions have low cost on the production and it is profitable .They are popular with viewers who are voyeurs and nosy. They are able to erase the boundaries between the public and private while remaining unpredictable and full of surprise. It is a great and new way of telling a story as the ideas can grab the audience in some fundamental place which they can identify with easily. Reality television will always have a place on television but their prospects in the future are dim. They ruin reputation of network by using network to humiliated people. The producers will soon run out of ideas. Competition among the reality television, from other forms of programming, is high as different show appeals to different type of audiences.

150 words

Labels: ENGLISH SUMMARY PACKAGE LESSON 2 :REALITY TELEVISION

According to legend…
a goatherd found his flock frolicking munching on coffee cherries. He sampled a few and soon gamboling along. From humble beginnings for Africans, coffee was now drunk worldwide. Though coffee do not have nutrition, people drinks it daily. Frost damaged half of the country’s coffee trees. When frost hit again Brazil, they suspended all shipments and importers. As a result, Brazil’s actual losses fell far below the first dire predictions. Experts have long periods of low prices, short periods of high ones. When highs occur, farmers rush in to plant. Trees churn out beans when they start bearing. Overproduction causes prices fall so farmers plant their plants in stable crops. Disruption in coffee supplies starts the cycle all over again. Producers and consumers limit output to what the market can absorb and sell at prices reasonable to both sides. Quota system can limit the outflow of beans from producing nations.

Words count: 150

Labels: Package Three -- summary